{"id":2872,"date":"2024-08-03T17:40:24","date_gmt":"2024-08-03T15:40:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/?p=2872"},"modified":"2024-08-24T22:11:54","modified_gmt":"2024-08-24T20:11:54","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/?p=2872","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 …"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

1.<\/strong>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong> (Deforestation):

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641) \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631<\/strong> (Rain Forests) <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 (\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/strong>.


. <\/strong>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/strong> (Recycling):

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<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629<\/strong> (Wetlands):

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<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633<\/strong> (Asbestos):

<\/strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0633<\/strong> (Asbestosis). <\/strong>\u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0648\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0644 <\/strong>Chrysotile)<\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 (\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/strong> Crocidolite) <\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0627\u064a\u062a<\/strong> Amosite). <\/strong>\u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0631\u062f\u064a\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/strong> (Infrared Radiation):

<\/strong>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Ultraviolet Radiation UV):

<\/strong>\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a<\/strong> (A, B, C) <\/strong>\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631<\/strong> (UVC) <\/strong>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 <\/strong>(UVB) <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (UVA) <\/strong>\u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/strong> (UVA) <\/strong>\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062a). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629<\/strong> (UVC) <\/strong>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong> (Aerosols):

<\/strong>\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a. \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a . \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 (\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/strong>CFCs )


8. <\/strong>\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0649<\/strong> (Global Warming):

<\/strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a (\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644) \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644. \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u0632\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629) \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644) \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641<\/strong> (Cleaner Production):

<\/strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639 <\/strong>(Waste Minimization) <\/strong>\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629<\/strong> (Environment):

<\/strong>\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628 <\/strong>“<\/strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627”. \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a”. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>) <\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644) \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631<\/strong> (Eutrophication):

<\/strong>\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629. \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631 <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/strong> (Bioaccumulation):

<\/strong>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0634\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/strong> (Biodiversity):

<\/strong>\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a (\u0628\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u064a\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0643) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0630\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/strong> (Drought):

<\/strong>\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/strong> (Sanitary Landfilling):

<\/strong>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062b\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/strong>).


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646<\/strong> (Dioxins):

<\/strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639<\/strong> PVC) <\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/strong> (Over Grazing):

<\/strong>\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0645 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631<\/strong>).


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Organic Farming):

<\/strong>\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a<\/strong> (Biological Diversity) <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627) \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0629). \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062d\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Food Chain):

<\/strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u063a\u0630\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b) \u0641\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong>).


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong> (Renewable Energy):

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<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/strong> (Algea):

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<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0649<\/strong>

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<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/strong> (Atmosphere):

<\/strong>\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 79.1%) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 (\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 20.9%) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 (\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 0.036%) \u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/strong>).

<\/strong>\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong> (Troposphere)<\/strong>
\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 8 \u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 17 \u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629( \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f- \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c- ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 6.5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong> .


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong> (Stratosphere)

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 50 \u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/strong> Ozone Layer <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong> Mesosphere)<\/strong>
\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 80-90 \u0643\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/strong> .


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong> Thermosphere<\/strong>
\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 <\/strong>(Ionosphere) <\/strong>\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0649<\/strong> (Biosphere):

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 14\u0643\u0645 . \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0649<\/strong> (Hydrosphere):

<\/strong>\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629( 72%) \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0630\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0647. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633<\/strong> (Lithosphere):

<\/strong>\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> ( <\/strong>\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631- \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631- \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a- \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0627\u062a) \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 28 % \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636<\/strong> .

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631<\/strong> (Composting):

<\/strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0641\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062b). \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Environmental Disasters):

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629<\/strong>.


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong> (Pesticides):

<\/strong>\u0647\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Insecticides)<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Herbicides) <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Fungicides) <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0636<\/strong> (Rodenticides) <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/strong> (Chlorinated Pesticides) <\/strong>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u062f\u064a \u062a\u064a<\/strong>( DDT) <\/strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Organophosphorous Pesticides) <\/strong>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0648\u0646 <\/strong>(Parathion)


30. <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Natural Park):

<\/strong>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/strong>).


<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Environmental Auditing):

<\/strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0641) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0632\u0648 <\/strong>14000) <\/strong>\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0649<\/strong> (Acid Rain):

<\/strong>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a) \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f) \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643. \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0641<\/strong> .

<\/strong>\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629<\/strong> (Hazardous Substances and Wastes):

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0643\u0644\u0629 (\u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u062c\u0631\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 (\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0646\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629 <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0629). \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629<\/strong> (Phytoplankton):

<\/strong>\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0647 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629) \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631<\/strong> (Eutrophication)<\/strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629(\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631<\/strong>) .

<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0649<\/strong> (Ecosystem):

<\/strong>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Stabilization of organic matters):

<\/strong>\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631 <\/strong>(Composting). <\/strong>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (Environmental Risk Assessment):

<\/strong>\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/strong> (Qualitative Risk Assessment) <\/strong>\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u062e\u0637\u0631” \u0623\u0648 “\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0631” \u0623\u0648 “\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629” \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/strong> (Quantitative Risk Assessment)<\/strong>\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 “\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f 200 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631”\u060c \u0623\u0648 “\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 <\/strong>10 <\/strong>\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645\/\u0645\u062a\u06313<\/strong> “.

<\/strong>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/strong> (Environmental Impact Assessment):

<\/strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629) \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 (\u0623\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637). \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0649<\/strong> (D D T):

<\/strong>\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u062f\u064a \u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0629<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u062f\u064a \u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u062f\u064a \u062a\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646) \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a \u062f\u064a \u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 <\/strong>(<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a). \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/strong>.

<\/strong>\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646<\/strong> (Ozone Layer):

<\/strong>\u0647\u0649 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u0649<\/strong> O3 . <\/strong>\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong> Stratosphere)<\/strong>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 15 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/strong>. <\/strong>\u0648\u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/strong> (CFCs)<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a 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\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 () \u0643\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 40% \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 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<\/strong>\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0649<\/strong> (Greenhouse Effect):

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<\/strong>\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<\/strong> (CFCs):

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<\/strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/strong> (End of Pipe Treatment):

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1.\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a (Deforestation): \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2902,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2872","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-45","category-29"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2872","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2872"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2872\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3062,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2872\/revisions\/3062"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2872"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2872"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/green-kurd.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2872"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}